When and How to Plant Tomatillos for Maximum Yield

Tomatillos are prolific, tangy fruits that thrive in warm, sunny gardens. Over decades of growing tomatillos in Sonoma Valley, I’ve learned that planting at the right time, with proper spacing and soil preparation, makes the difference between a few plants and a bountiful harvest. Here’s my experience-based guide for planting tomatillos to maximize yield.

Table of Contents

1. Best Time to Plant Tomatillos

Tomatillos are warm-season plants sensitive to frost. Timing is critical:

Start indoors: 6–8 weeks before last expected frost
Transplant outdoors: After soil and air temperatures consistently stay above 60°F (16°C)
Direct sow: Only in areas with long, warm seasons

Experience Tip:
In Sonoma, I typically start tomatillo seeds in early March and transplant outdoors in mid-April for reliable growth.

2. Soil Preparation

Tomatillos thrive in fertile, well-draining soil:

Soil type: Loose loam or sandy loam
pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0–7.0)
Amendments: 2–3 inches of compost mixed into the top 8–10 inches

Experience Tip:
I avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers; moderate feeding encourages healthy plants without excessive leafy growth at the expense of fruiting.

3. Spacing and Bed Layout

Proper spacing promotes airflow and fruit development:

Between plants: 24–36 inches
Between rows: 36–48 inches for vining varieties
Support: Staking or cages help keep plants upright and improve fruit quality

Experience Tip:
Tomatillos self-pollinate but benefit from cross-pollination between at least two plants. I plant 3–4 per raised bed section for maximum yield.

4. Planting Technique

Transplants: Harden off seedlings for 5–7 days before moving outdoors
Plant depth: Bury up to the first set of true leaves
Water: Thoroughly after planting to encourage root establishment

Experience Tip:
I gently tease roots apart before transplanting to prevent circling and encourage faster establishment.

5. Mulching and Watering

Mulch: Straw or shredded leaves retain soil moisture and suppress weeds
Watering: Deep, consistent watering encourages even fruit development
Avoid wetting foliage excessively to reduce disease risk

Experience Tip:
I water tomatillos at the base, 1–2 inches per week, more during hot, dry periods.

6. Early Care for Maximum Yield

Remove any damaged or crowded leaves
Monitor for pests such as aphids or flea beetles
Fertilize lightly with potassium-rich amendments once fruit sets

Experience Tip:
Regular attention in the first 4–6 weeks after transplanting ensures strong, productive plants with abundant fruit later in the season.

Final Thoughts

For maximum yield, timing, spacing, and proper soil preparation are crucial when planting tomatillos. From my decades of experience, starting seeds indoors, hardening off seedlings, and planting after frost risk passes ensures vigorous plants and a bountiful harvest. Proper care from day one sets the stage for flavorful, abundant tomatillos that keep producing well into late summer and early fall.