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Good spacing is the secret to growing rutabagas that size up into smooth, round, winter-sweet roots. After many seasons of growing rutabaga in Sonoma Valley’s mild fall and winter weather—and trialing different layouts in raised beds, mounded rows, and in-ground beds—I’ve learned that spacing can make or break your crop. Rutabaga needs room both above…
Horseradish is grown for its pungent roots. Horseradish is a large-leaved perennial plant. The leaves are smooth with wavy edges. The roots grow long and narrow, sometimes to 2 feet (.6m) long. Horseradish is best grown as an annual. In the second year, horseradish’s large roots can become tough and fibrous. For the best flavor,…
Hardening off and transplanting are two of the most important steps in growing healthy celeriac. Over decades of raising cool-season crops in Sonoma Valley, I’ve learned that celeriac responds best when the transition from protected indoor conditions to the outdoor garden happens slowly and intentionally. Rushing this process leads to shock, stalled growth, and—most importantly—small…
Parsnips are one of the slowest and trickiest root crops to germinate. Their seeds are naturally short-lived, sensitive to heat, and easily stalled by drying soil. After growing parsnips for decades in Sonoma Valley—mostly in raised beds and mounded rows—I’ve learned that successful germination depends on controlling moisture, temperature, and seed freshness. Here’s exactly how…
Rutabaga is one of the best root crops for raised beds because it thrives in loose, deep soil with consistent moisture and excellent drainage. After many seasons growing rutabaga in my Sonoma Valley raised beds, I’ve found that the even soil structure and easy access make raised beds the simplest way to produce large, smooth,…
Choosing the right horseradish variety is the first step toward a productive and flavorful patch. Over decades of growing horseradish in raised beds and containers, I’ve found that variety selection influences root size, flavor intensity, and overall plant behavior. Home gardeners typically choose between common horseradish and Bohemian horseradish, each with distinct advantages. This guide…
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